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The stability of the arc of the plasma cutting machine directly affects the cutting quality and instability of the plasma arc, which can lead to irregularities such as incisions, defects in the accumulation of defects, etc., and can also lead to a decrease in the life of the relevant components of the control system and the frequent replacement of nozzles and electrodes.
For this phenomenon, analyze and propose solutions.
1. When the gas pressure is too low, plasma cutting machine work, if the working pressure is far lower than the pressure required by the specification, which means that the plasma arc discharge speed is reduced, the input air flow is less than the specified value, this time can not form a high energy, high speed The plasma arc causes poor quality of the incision, impenetrability, and kerf accumulation. The reasons for the lack of air pressure are: lack of input air from the air compressor, low pressure adjustment of the air conditioner valve of the cutting machine, oil pollution in the solenoid valve, and unobstructed gas path.
The solution is to observe the output pressure of the air compressor before use. If it does not meet the requirements, adjust the pressure or overhaul the air compressor. If the input air pressure has reached the requirements, check whether the air filter pressure reducing valve is adjusted correctly and whether the gauge pressure display meets the cutting requirements. Otherwise, perform routine maintenance on the air filter regulator to ensure that the input air is dry and free of oil. If the input air quality is poor, it will cause oil pollution in the solenoid valve, the valve core opening is difficult, and the valve port cannot be fully opened. In addition, torch nozzle gas pressure is too low, but also need to replace the solenoid valve; gas cross-section smaller will cause the air pressure is too low, according to the instructions to replace the trachea.
2. If the air pressure is too high, if the input air pressure is far more than 0.45 MPa, after the plasma arc is formed, the excessively large air flow will blow off the concentrated arc column, disperse the energy of the arc column, and weaken the cutting strength of the plasma arc. The causes of high air pressure are: improper input air adjustment, excessive air filter pressure regulator or air filter pressure regulator failure.
The solution is to check if the air compressor pressure is properly adjusted and if the pressure of the air compressor and the air filter regulator is out of regulation. After starting up, if the rotary air filter pressure reducing valve adjusts the switch, there is no change in the gauge pressure, indicating that the air filter pressure reducing valve is out of order and needs to be replaced.
3. Torch nozzle and electrode burn due to improper installation of the nozzle, such as the screw is not tightened, improper adjustment of the gear, the water-cooled cutting torch is not required to open the flowing cooling water and frequent arcing, Can cause premature nozzle damage.
The solution is that, in accordance with the technical requirements of cutting the workpiece, properly adjust the gear position of the equipment, check whether the torch nozzle is installed firmly, and the nozzle that needs to pass the cooling water should make the cooling water circulate in advance. When cutting, adjust the distance between torch and workpiece according to the thickness of the workpiece.
4. The input AC voltage is too low. There are large-scale electric facilities at the site where the plasma cutting machine is used. The internal main circuit components of the cutting machine are faulty and the input AC voltage is too low.
The solution is to check whether the grid connected to the plasma cutting machine has sufficient carrying capacity and whether the power line specifications meet the requirements. The plasma cutting machine should be installed away from large-scale electrical equipment and places where there is often electrical interference. During use, the dust on the cutting machine and the dirt on the components should be regularly cleaned to check if the wires are aging.
5. Grounding and workpiece contact poor grounding is an essential preparation before cutting. Failure to use a dedicated grounding tool, insulation on the surface of the workpiece, and long-term use of severely grounded wires will cause poor contact between the ground wire and the workpiece.
Use a special grounding tool and check that there is no influence of the insulator on the surface of the workpiece and avoid using an aged ground wire.
6. When the spark generator cannot automatically shut down the arc plasma cutting machine, the plasma arc is first to be ignited, and the high-frequency oscillator excites the gas between the electrode and the inner wall of the nozzle to generate a high-frequency discharge, so that the gas is partially ionized to form a small arc. A small arc is compressed air, ejected from the nozzle to ignite the arc, which is the main task of the spark generator. Under normal circumstances, the spark generator's working time is only 0.5 ~ 1s, the reason can not automatically break the arc is generally the control circuit board components misalignment, spark generator discharge electrode gap is not appropriate.
The spark generator discharge electrode should always be checked to keep its surface flat, and the discharge electrode gap (0.8-1.2mm) of the spark generator should be adjusted timely, and the control board should be replaced if necessary.
7. In addition to the above reasons, the cutting speed is too slow, the perpendicularity of the cutting torch and the workpiece when cutting, and the operator's familiarity with the plasma cutting machine, the operation level, etc., all affect the stability of the plasma arc, and the user should be in these respects. note.
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