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Due to the small deformation generated when the machine tool spindle rotates, it is treated as a balancing method for rigid rotors in order to simplify the calculation. The rotor is regarded as an absolute rigid body, and it is assumed that no significant deformation of the rotating shaft occurs due to the unbalanced centrifugal force during operation. For this reason, many complex unbalanced states of rigid rotors under these conditions can be simplified to deal with unbalanced force systems. That is, two equivalents of Ud1 and Ud2 can be added or subtracted in any two selected planes. Balancing power balances.
Rigid rotor dynamic balance is generally low-speed dynamic balance, generally less than 1/3 of the first critical speed.
Unbalance: The state of rotor mass distribution caused by vibration or motion due to centrifugal force.
Residual imbalance U: Imbalance left after balance treatment.
Relative unbalance e: the value obtained by dividing the imbalance by the mass of the rotor, which is equal to the displacement of the centrifugal force with respect to the center of the shaft.
The degree of balance G: is the product of the relative imbalance and the specified angular velocity.
Balance processing: The job of adjusting the rotor mass distribution so that the vibration and force acting on the bearing in synchronism with the rotation speed are within the specified limits.
Full key: This is the key used for the final assembly of the rotary shaft with the keyway and the mating part, or the equivalent key.
Half key: It is the key used when performing the balancing process separately for a rotary shaft or a mating part with a keyway. This imbalance is equivalent to the key used in the final assembly (unbalanced in the keyway of the rotating shaft or mating part).
The application and development of high-speed machine tools require spindle speeds to increase. However, in the manufacturing process of spindle components of the machine tool, it is inevitable that the center of gravity deviates from the center of rotation due to uneven material quality, asymmetrical shape, and assembly and assembly errors, causing the machine tool to generate vibration and vibration, causing machine noise, bearing heating, and the like. As the speed increases, the vibration caused by the imbalance increases.