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The huge capacity and continuous growth of the Chinese auto market have excited the parts and components companies around the world. Since 2013, foreign-funded parts and components have developed rapidly in the Chinese market and have accelerated the process of localization. Visteon, Delphi, Valeo, Eaton, Foglia and many other multinational auto parts giants are optimistic that China's business will double in the future.
It is worth noting that expanding to the low-end market and supporting high-end self-owned brands to drive business growth have become new measures for the development of foreign-funded parts and components in the Chinese market in the near future. This has put pressure on local parts and components traders who have already lost their high-end key parts and components markets. . Under the circumstances of "strong powers," how do domestic auto parts companies develop?
Rapid expansion of foreign-owned component suppliers
Recently, the automotive parts company German Hella Group announced its investment plan in China before 2020: China will establish three new lighting factories and expand several R&D centers. Hella hopes to complete local production based on German design and will serve FAW, BAIC and SAIC and more Chinese domestic brands in the future.
Coincidentally, Japanese auto parts manufacturers have recently settled in Changsha. The new plant of Changsha Pacific Semi Valley Auto Parts Co., Ltd., which was jointly invested by Japan Pacific Industrial Co., Ltd., and Bangu Manufacturing Co., Ltd. and Meidawang Co., Ltd., was established in Xingsha. After this project is completed, it can produce 300,000 sets of auto parts annually.
It is understood that the international auto parts giants including Bosch, Valeo, TRW, and ZF have achieved double-digit growth in their business growth in China last year. At present, foreign auto parts manufacturers are making intensive efforts to accelerate the planning and implementation of investment and capital increase projects in China.
At the Shanghai International Auto Show held in April, Valeo Group, the French auto parts giant, announced at the show that it will expand its investment in China. By 2015, Valeo's sales in China are expected to double, and China will become Valeo’s largest overseas market. It is understood that in 2012 Valeo China sales exceeded 10 billion yuan, accounting for 10% of Valeo's sales.
Eton Vehicle Group, a US auto parts company, also announced at the Shanghai International Auto Show that it wants to expand its production capacity in China. Eaton Vehicle Group's Shandong Jining Manufacturing Plant will expand its production capacity by two times to meet the growing demand for valve and valve actuation mechanism products and technologies in the Chinese market.
In addition, Bosch plans to continue to increase investment in the Chinese market, and plans to increase investment by about 3 billion yuan in auto technologies, aftermarkets, etc. only in 2013. TRW plans to invest over 200 million U.S. dollars in the Chinese market this year, exceeding TRW's investment in any country in the world. ZF plans to re-launch two production bases in China this year.
At the Shanghai Auto Show, there were as many as 1,541 parts suppliers, both in terms of the number of exhibitors and the scale of booths. The top ten industry giants such as Bosch, Tianhe, China, and Aisin have specifically opened up independent exhibition areas. Not only do they attract foreign brands to joint venture brands in China, they are also more optimistic about the growth in the demand for high-quality components from China's high-end self-owned brands.
To help boost the business growth with the support of high-end self-owned brands, it has become a new measure for international component giants this year. For example, Bosch has developed components specifically for low-end vehicles to cater to the matching requirements of self-owned branded auto companies that are increasingly moving toward high-end vehicles.
According to industry experts, foreign auto parts companies with technological, management, and brand advantages are investing in the Chinese market and are accelerating their investment. While maintaining the existing high-end product market, they are also actively developing low-cost products to the low-end market. The expansion of the market will once again bring a new round of crisis to local components companies with cost as the main advantage.
Domestic parts suppliers crisis
Thanks to the rapid development of the Chinese automobile industry in recent years and the shift of the global auto parts industry chain to China, the domestic auto parts industry has developed rapidly. In recent years, around the complete vehicle support and international market, the country has formed six major parts and components production bases and 11 national-level auto parts export bases including Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, Northeast China, Sichuan-Chongqing, Lianghu, Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta.
According to statistics from relevant agencies, the number of auto parts manufacturers in China has reached more than 7,000, and 1,670 enterprises above designated size have formed a complete industrial chain with obvious industrial cluster effects. In 2010, the total output value of China's auto parts industry exceeded 1.5 trillion yuan; in 2011, the total output value of the year was approximately 2 trillion yuan, and it is predicted that it will still maintain an increase of more than 20% in the next few years.
Judging from the mature automobile market development experience in Europe and America, the scale and proportion of completed vehicles and parts are generally 1:1.7, while the current data in China is about 1:0.5, which provides a great development for China's auto parts industry. Space and business opportunities.
However, a good market prospect cannot hide the problems existing in China's auto parts industry. There is still a small gap between China's auto parts industry from being bigger and stronger, and domestic auto parts companies are also in crisis.
Poor economies of scale and disorderly competition are the most prominent problems faced by auto parts companies in China. Relevant data show that at present, there are more than 5,000 state-owned and state-controlled and non-state-owned auto parts companies with sales revenues of over 5 million yuan, of which more than 80% have annual sales of less than 100 million yuan, and more than 100 million yuan only. 130 homes.
“Because the local parts and components companies are mainly engaged in the production of labor-intensive and processing-type products, the vast majority of products are low-end series, as long as they involve safety, environmental protection regulations and high-demand parts markets, such as EFI, High-pressure common rails, automotive electronics, etc., are basically controlled by foreign-funded parts and components companies.†Industry analysts believe that the narrow profit margins of low-end products make the days of domestic auto parts companies not too easy.
In addition, the lack of key technology products is also a major shortcoming of domestic auto parts manufacturers. According to statistics, at present, about 80% of auto technology patents applied for by the auto parts industry in China are utility model patents, and there are few patents for invention, and the capacity for independent innovation is weak. Product development mainly relies on vehicle manufacturers. In developed countries, the development of a new car, 70% of the intellectual property rights belong to auto parts companies.
In the 2011 list of the top 100 suppliers of auto parts suppliers released by AutomotiveNews in 2011, 30 companies, 28 companies, and 17 companies in the United States, Japan, and Germany were short-listed, occupying 75% of the total. In this list, China's spare parts suppliers have not yet been seen.
Emphasis on technology research and development
Foreign-funded parts and components companies have entered China's rapid expansion, making local parts and components companies face severe challenges. In the face of difficulties, Chinese parts companies are also trying to find a breakthrough.
Some insiders once pointed out that "China's auto parts industry is facing no competitiveness in the high-end product field, and low-end areas are also subject to labor costs pressures. In fact, it can go through overseas acquisition technology, or have a blood relationship with the auto group. The companies cooperate to crack the dilemma of 'not being able to make ends meet'."
National policies are also increasingly tilting toward the auto parts industry. In the "Foreign Investment Industry Guidance Catalogue (Revised in 2011)" that began on January 30, 2012, the key components and parts manufacturing and key technology research and development are explicitly encouraged to guide foreign investment in key automotive technologies and components.
"Quality assurance and R&D capabilities are the basic principles for parts and components to become suppliers to OEMs. At the same time, inexpensive and reasonable cost control is also essential." Many industry experts believe that if China's parts and components are to be based, they must pay attention to technology research and development. If the technical shortcomings do not make up, they will not only fail to enter the international market. I am afraid that even the supporting brands of the national self-owned brands are difficult to achieve."
In an interview with the media, Tian Yamei, executive director of the China National Automotive Machinery Corporation, analyzed that parts and components companies must take high-end products, conduct independent research and development, and adhere to technological innovation. If the company does electronics, it will develop to electronics; if it does branding, it will make the brand's specialization well. In the future, companies must innovate in technology and conduct high-end research and development.